Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228

Gram-positiveCocciNon-motileFacultative anaerobe

Kingdom

Bacillati

Phylum

Bacillota

Class

Bacilli

Order

Caryophanales

Family

Staphylococcaceae

Genus

Staphylococcus

Description

Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 is a Gram-positive, cocci-shaped bacterium, categorized as a facultative anaerobe and a chemoheterotroph that thrives in a temperature range of 30-37°C. This microorganism is a common inhabitant of human skin and mucosal surfaces, particularly in areas such as the epidermis, nose, and various body orifices. Its resilient nature allows it to colonize medical devices and prosthetic implants, making it an important player in biofilm formation. As a Gram-positive organism, S. epidermidis retains crystal violet dye, presenting a purple hue under the microscope. Its cocci shape contributes to its ability to form characteristic clusters reminiscent of grapes, which is a hallmark of the Staphylococcus genus. This organism’s facultative anaerobic nature permits it to metabolize energy both in the presence and absence of oxygen, adapting to various environments within the human host. Additionally, as a chemoheterotroph, it derives its energy from organic compounds, which it sources from human tissues and skin flora. Despite being a normal skin commensal, S. epidermidis can act as an opportunistic pathogen, especially in immunocompromised individuals or patients with implanted devices. Its ability to produce a polysaccharide biofilm makes it particularly adept at adhering to surfaces, which can lead to persistent infections. Notably, S. epidermidis is frequently involved in nosocomial infections, especially in patients with indwelling catheters and other foreign body implants. Its genetic adaptability also raises concerns regarding antibiotic resistance, highlighting the need for careful management in clinical settings.

Taxonomy

KingdomBacillati
PhylumBacillota
ClassBacilli
OrderCaryophanales
FamilyStaphylococcaceae
GenusStaphylococcus
SpeciesStaphylococcus epidermidis
StrainATCC 12228

Profile

Physiology
Gram staining propertiesPositive
ShapeCocci
MobilityNo
Flagellar presenceYes
Number of membranes1
Image of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228
AI-generated image based on bacteria physiology
Ecology, Host, and Life Cycle
Oxygen requirementsFacultative anaerobe
Optimal temperature30
Temperature rangeMesophilic
HabitatHostAssociated
Biotic relationshipFree living
Host(s)Homo sapiens
Cell arrangementClusters - Singles
SporulationNonsporulating
Energy sourceNot Available
PathogenicityYes

Gene Summary

Adenine Count

2394 bp

Thymine Count

2117 bp

Guanine Count

1055 bp

Cytosine Count

1019 bp

Genome Length

6585 bp

Protein-coding Genes

7 genes

Non-Coding Genes

0 genes

# of Chromosomes/Plasmids

7

Genes

NameLocus TagUniProtStrandCoordinatesMolecular Weight
hypothetical proteinSE_RS11825Not Available+598 - 90912414.5
yiix/yebb-like n1pc/p60 family cysteine hydrolaseSE_RS11830Not Available-930 - 148120905.5
replication initiation factor domain-containing proteinSE_RS11835P19529+1769 - 268936896.0
hypothetical proteinSE_RS11840Not Available+2705 - 29268372.94
plasmid mobilization proteinSE_RS11845Not Available+3197 - 358014697.4
relaxase/mobilization nuclease domain-containing proteinSE_RS11850P14491+3562 - 441332834.2
dna-directed dna polymeraseSE_RS11855Not Available+328 - 3657128614.0
hypothetical proteinSE_RS11860Not Available+3686 - 397911407.3
recombinase family proteinSE_RS11865P20384+4215 - 485924245.1
hypothetical proteinSE_RS11870Not Available+4834 - 521114247.3

Displaying genes 1 – 10 of 2437 in total

Pathways

0 pathways

No pathways found

No metabolic pathways have been associated with this bacterium yet.

Metabolites

14 records
Metabolite IDMetabolite nameStructureCAS number
BASm0000274aldehydo-D-galacturonateC6H9O7Chemical structure of aldehydo-D-galacturonateNot available
Average193.132Da
Monoisotopic193.0353762Da
BASm0000387(6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateC20H21N7O6Chemical structure of (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateNot available
Average455.432Da
Monoisotopic455.1564286Da
BASm0001111keto-D-tagaturonateC6H9O7Chemical structure of keto-D-tagaturonateNot available
Average193.132Da
Monoisotopic193.0353762Da
BASm0001279(6S)-5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateC20H23N7O6Chemical structure of (6S)-5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateNot available
Average457.4399Da
Monoisotopic457.1709815Da
BASm0001865diphosphateHO7P2Chemical structure of diphosphateNot available
Average174.95Da
Monoisotopic174.9213971Da
BASm0002002glyoxylateC2HO3Chemical structure of glyoxylateNot available
Average73.0275Da
Monoisotopic72.9925689Da
BASm0002650pentanoyl-CoAC26H40N7O17P3SChemical structure of pentanoyl-CoANot available
Average847.62Da
Monoisotopic847.143619344Da
BASm0002909O-acetyl-L-homoserineC6H11NO4Chemical structure of O-acetyl-L-homoserine7540-67-2
Average161.1558Da
Monoisotopic161.0688078Da
BASm0003317S-methyl-L-methionineC6H14NO2SChemical structure of S-methyl-L-methionine4727-40-6
Average164.246Da
Monoisotopic164.074524387Da
BASm0003389NADP(+)C21H25N7O17P3Chemical structure of NADP(+)Not available
Average740.386Da
Monoisotopic740.053624107Da

Displaying 1–10 of 14 metabolites